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变频器输出为PWM波，含有较多的高次谐波。变频功率传感器通过对输入的电压、电流信号进行交流采样，再将采样值通过电缆、光纤等传输系统与数字量输入变频功率分析仪，数字量输入变频功率分析仪对电压、电流的采样值进行运算，可以获取电压有效值、电流有效值、基波电压、基波电流、谐波电压、谐波电流、有功功率、基波功率、谐波功率等参数。
同整流器相反，逆变器是将直流功率变换为所要求频率的交流功率，以所确定的时间使6个开关器件导通、关断就可以得到3相交流输出。以电压型pwm逆变器为例示出开关时间和电压波形。
控制电路是给异步电动机供电(电压、频率可调)的主电路提供控制信号的回路，它有频率、电压的“运算电路”，主电路的“电压、电流检测电路”，电动机的“速度检测电路”，将运算电路的控制信号进行放大的“驱动电路”，以及逆变器和电动机的“保护电路”组成。
(1)运算电路：将外部的速度、转矩等指令同检测电路的电流、电压信号进行比较运算，决定逆变器的输出电压、频率。
(2)电压、电流检测电路：与主回路电位隔离检测电压、电流等。
(3)驱动电路：驱动主电路器件的电路。它与控制电路隔离使主电路器件导通、关断。
(4)速度检测电路:以装在异步电动机轴机上的速度检测器(tg、plg等)的信号为速度信号，送入运算回路，根据指令和运算可使电动机按指令速度运转。
(5)保护电路：检测主电路的电压、电流等，当发生过载或过电压等异常时，为了防止逆变器和异步电动机损坏
变频器(Variable-frequency Drive，缩写：VFD)，也称为变频驱动器或驱动控制器，可译作Inverter(和反变器的英文相同)。变频器是可调速驱动系统的一种，是应用变频驱动技术改变交流电动机工作电压的频率和幅度，来平滑控制交流电动机速度及转矩[1][2]:p210–215[3][4]:p4，最常见的是输入及输出都是交流电的交流/交流转换器。
在变频器出现之前，要调整电动机转速的应用需透过直流电动机才能完成，不然就是要透过利用内建耦合机的VS电动机，在运转中用耦合机使电动机的实际转速下降，变频器简化了上述的工作，缩小了设备体积，大幅度降低了维修率。不过变频器的电源线及电动机线上面有高频切换的讯号，会造成电磁干扰，而变频器输入侧的功率因素一般不佳，会产生电源端的谐波。
变频器的应用范围很广，从小型家电到大型的矿场研磨机及压缩机。全球约1/3的能量是消耗在驱动定速离心泵、风扇及压缩机的电动机上，而变频器的市场渗透率仍不算高。能源效率的显著提升是使用变频器的主要原因之一。
变频器技术和电力电子有密切关系，包括半导体切换元件、变频器拓扑、控制及模拟技术、以及控制硬件及固件的进步等。
Allen Bradley 1747-L543, Ser. C, Processor, 5/04, Revision 7, SLC 500, 1747L543
Adept Tech PN# 10332-00600 VIS/PCA STD Vision/VME/FG Machine Vision
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Allen Bradley 1336F-BRF10-AA-EN-L6 1HP 380-460 VAC Variable Frequency Drive
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